『新东方在线托福听力』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/【学术讲座】#7听力练习，【学术讲座】#7原文答案解析，【学术讲座】#7听力原文练习音频翻译。

托福TPO/【学术讲座】#7听力原答案解析-音频翻译【新东方在线】

我们来听一段心理学课程中的讲话。

今天，我们探讨的是“沉没成本谬误”，这是一种常导致非理性决策的认知偏差。

Today, we’re exploring the sunk cost fallacy, a cognitive bias that often leads to irrational decision-making.

沉没成本谬误指的是，当人们已经投入了金钱、时间或精力等资源后，即便当前继续付出的代价已经超过了未来可能获得的收益，他们仍然会坚持做某件事或继续使用某样产品。

The sunk cost fallacy occurs when individuals continue an endeavor or consume a product as a result of previously invested resources, such as money, time, or effort, even when the current costs outweigh the future benefits.

本质上，人们会觉得，不能“浪费”已经付出的东西。

Essentially, people feel that they shouldn't "waste" what they've already spent.

举个例子：假设你买了一张三小时电影的票，看了三十分钟后，你发现这部电影很糟糕，自己并不喜欢。然而，大多数人还是会坚持看到最后，因为他们已经花钱买了票。

For instance, imagine you bought a ticket to a three-hour movie.After thirty minutes, you realize the movie is terrible and you aren't enjoying it.
However, most people will stay until the end because they already paid for the ticket.

但实际上，这笔钱已经拿不回来了——它是“沉没成本”——而继续留下来，只是在多浪费自己两个小时的时间。

In reality, the money is gone—it’s a "sunk cost"—and by staying, they are only wasting two more hours of their time.

在商业领域，这种谬误的危害甚至更大。

In business, this fallacy can be even more damaging.

一些公司可能会因为已经投入了数百万美元，而继续资助一个注定失败的项目，而不是及时止损，把资源转向更有利可图的业务。

Companies might continue to fund a failing project just because they have already invested millions of dollars into it, rather than cutting their losses and redirecting resources to more profitable ventures.

理解这种认知偏差，对于做出客观的选择至关重要。

Understanding this bias is crucial for making objective choices.

接下来，我们将讨论如何在长期财务规划中识别并避免沉没成本谬误。

Next, we will discuss how to recognize and avoid the sunk cost fallacy in long-term financial planning.

According to the speaker, what is a sunk cost?

Why does the speaker mention a three-hour movie?

<p style="text-align:justify; margin:0cm">Listen to a talk in a psychology class. Today, we’re exploring the sunk cost fallacy, a cognitive bias that often leads to irrational decision-making. The sunk cost fallacy occurs when individuals continue an endeavor or consume a product as a result of previously invested resources, such as money, time, or effort, even when the current costs outweigh the future benefits. Essentially, people feel that they shouldn't "waste" what they've already spent. For instance, imagine you bought a ticket to a three-hour movie. After thirty minutes, you realize the movie is terrible and you aren't enjoying it. However, most people will stay until the end because they already paid for the ticket. In reality, the money is gone—it’s a "sunk cost"—and by staying, they are only wasting two more hours of their time. In business, this fallacy can be even more damaging. Companies might continue to fund a failing project just because they have already invested millions of dollars into it, rather than cutting their losses and redirecting resources to more profitable ventures. Understanding this bias is crucial for making objective choices. Next, we will discuss how to recognize and avoid the sunk cost fallacy in long-term financial planning.</p>

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