『新东方在线托福听力』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/【学术讲座】#28听力练习，【学术讲座】#28原文答案解析，【学术讲座】#28听力原文练习音频翻译。

托福TPO/【学术讲座】#28听力原答案解析-音频翻译【新东方在线】

女：今天，我想讨论化学中一个迷人的话题：催化剂——即在化学反应中加速反应而不被消耗掉的物质。

Woman: Today, I want to talk about a fascinating topic in chemistry: catalysts— substances that speed up chemical reactions without being used up.

可以把它们想象成有用的助手，在保持自身不变的同时，让反应发生得更快、更高效。

Think of them as helpful assistants that make reactions happen faster and more efficiently, while staying unchanged.

这意味着它们不会成为最终产物的一部分，因此可以在多次反应中被反复使用。

This means they don’t become part of the final product, so they can be reused again and again in multiple reactions.

催化剂无处不在。在我们体内，酶作为天然催化剂，帮助消化和新陈代谢。在工业中，它们对于制造塑料、药物和燃料至关重要。

Catalysts are everywhere. In our bodies, enzymes act as natural catalysts, helping with digestion and metabolism. In industry, they’re essential for making plastics, medicines, and fuels.

催化剂之所以强大，是因为它们降低了反应发生所需的能量。

What makes catalysts powerful is that they lower the energy needed for a reaction to happen.

想象一下烤蛋糕：食谱要求将烤箱加热到400华氏度，但有人给了你一个特殊的烤盘，让蛋糕在300华氏度就能完美烤熟。那个烤盘就像催化剂一样——它帮助原料用更少的能量变成蛋糕这一产物。

Imagine baking a cake: the recipe says to heat the oven to 400°F, but someone gives you a special pan that lets it bake perfectly at 300°F. That pan is like a catalyst—it helps the ingredients become a cake, a product, using less energy.

现在，让我们来看一些更先进的东西：纳米酶。这些是模仿酶的微小人工材料。

Now, let’s look at something even more advanced: nanozymes. These are tiny, artificial materials that mimic enzymes.

它们在高温或酸性等恶劣条件下更稳定，生产成本更低，并且可以针对特定任务进行定制。

They’re more stable in harsh conditions like heat or acidity, cheaper to produce, and can be tailored for specific tasks.

例如，纳米酶被用于环境清理工作。它们可以在极端条件下分解有害污染物——如受污染的水或工业废物中的农药、染料或重金属——将其转化为更安全、毒性更低的物质。

For example, nanozymes are used in environmental cleanup efforts. They can break down harmful pollutants in extreme conditions—like polluted water or industrial waste—things like pesticides, dyes, or heavy metals—turning them into safer, less toxic substances.

What point does the professor make about the unchanging nature of catalysts?

What does the example of environmental cleanup reveal about nanozymes?

Woman: Today, I want to talk about a fascinating topic in chemistry: catalysts— substances that speed up chemical reactions without being used up. Think of them as helpful assistants that make reactions happen faster and more efficiently, while staying unchanged. This means they don’t become part of the final product, so they can be reused again and again in multiple reactions. Catalysts are everywhere. In our bodies, enzymes act as natural catalysts, helping with digestion and metabolism. In industry, they’re essential for making plastics, medicines, and fuels. What makes catalysts powerful is that they lower the energy needed for a reaction to happen. Imagine baking a cake: the recipe says to heat the oven to 400°F, but someone gives you a special pan that lets it bake perfectly at 300°F. That pan is like a catalyst—it helps the ingredients become a cake, a product, using less energy. Now, let’s look at something even more advanced: nanozymes. These are tiny, artificial materials that mimic enzymes. They’re more stable in harsh conditions like heat or acidity, cheaper to produce, and can be tailored for specific tasks. For example, nanozymes are used in environmental cleanup efforts. They can break down harmful pollutants in extreme conditions—like polluted water or industrial waste—things like pesticides, dyes, or heavy metals—turning them into safer, less toxic substances.

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