『新东方在线托福听力』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/【学术讲座】#37听力练习，【学术讲座】#37原文答案解析，【学术讲座】#37听力原文练习音频翻译。

托福TPO/【学术讲座】#37听力原答案解析-音频翻译【新东方在线】

想象一下，你有一份全职工作，但想请一年假回学校读书。

Imagine that you have a full time job, but you want to take a year off to go back to school.

这会让你付出什么代价？当然有学费和生活费。

What is it going to cost you? Of course there's the cost of tuition for your classes, plus living expenses.

但还有你因为现在当了学生而无法从工作中赚到的钱呢？我们称之为机会成本。

But what about the money you're no longer earning at your job because you're now a student? We call that the opportunity cost.

机会成本指的是在做选择时，必须放弃的次优选项的价值。

Opportunity cost refers to the value of the next best alternative that must be given up when making a choice.

这是经济学中的一个基本原理，帮助个人和企业理解其决策的真实成本。

It's a fundamental principle in economics that helps individuals and businesses understand the true cost of their decisions.

我设想的这个例子说明了一个个人决策，但企业在运营中同样面临机会成本。

My exercise in imagination illustrates a personal decision, but businesses also face opportunity costs in their operations.

例如，一家公司可能选择投资新设备，而不是花钱扩展产品线。

For instance, a company may choose to invest in new equipment rather than spend money to expand its product line.

这个决策的机会成本就是原本可以从新产品中获得的潜在收入。

The opportunity cost of this decision is the potential revenue that could have been generated from the new products.

理解机会成本有助于个人和企业做出明智的决策，从而最大化收益、最小化损失。

Understanding opportunity cost helps individuals as well as businesses make informed decisions that maximize their benefits and minimize their losses.

需要注意的是，机会成本并不总是用金钱来衡量的。

It's important to note that opportunity cost is not always measured in financial terms.

它也可能与时间、便利性或个人满意度等因素有关。

It can also be related to factors like time, convenience or personal satisfaction.

因此，机会成本可能很难量化，尤其是在涉及非金钱因素时。

For that reason, opportunity cost can be difficult to quantify, especially when dealing with non monetary factors.

你是否曾做过涉及机会成本的决策？

Have you ever had to make a decision that included an opportunity cost?

现在花几分钟想一想，然后我会请志愿者来分享。

Take a few minutes now to think and then I'll ask for volunteers to share.

Why does the speaker ask listeners to imagine a situation at the start of the talk?

Why does the speaker talk about investing in new equipment?

What does the speaker identify as a challenge related to identifying opportunity costs?

What does the speaker ask listeners to doat the end of the talk?

Listen to a talk in an economics class.<br />Imagine that you have a full time job, but you want to take a year off to go back to school. What is it going to cost you? Of course there's the cost of tuition for your classes, plus living expenses. But what about the money you're no longer earning at your job because you're now a student? We call that the opportunity cost. Opportunity cost refers to the value of the next best alternative that must be given up when making a choice. It's a fundamental principle in economics that helps individuals and businesses understand the true cost of their decisions. My exercise in imagination illustrates a personal decision, but businesses also face opportunity costs in their operations. For instance, a company may choose to invest in new equipment rather than spend money to expand its product line. The opportunity cost of this decision is the potential revenue that could have been generated from the new products. Understanding opportunity cost helps individuals as well as businesses make informed decisions that maximize their benefits and minimize their losses. It's important to note that opportunity cost is not always measured in financial terms. It can also be related to factors like time, convenience or personal satisfaction. For that reason, opportunity cost can be difficult to quantify, especially when dealing with non monetary factors. Have you ever had to make a decision that included an opportunity cost? Take a few minutes now to think and then I'll ask for volunteers to share.

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