『新东方在线托福听力』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/【学术讲座】#71听力练习，【学术讲座】#71原文答案解析，【学术讲座】#71听力原文练习音频翻译。

托福TPO/【学术讲座】#71听力原答案解析-音频翻译【新东方在线】

今天，我们将探讨社会资本这一概念。

Today, we'll explore the concept of social capital.

在商业中，资本指的是金融资源或资产，即可以使用的有价值的东西。

In business, capital refers to a financial resource or asset, something valuable that can be used.

在社会学中，社会资本指的是促进社区内集体行动的人际网络、关系和规范。

In sociology, social capital refers to the human networks, relationships and norms that facilitate collective action within a community.

所以它们也起到一种资产的作用。

想一想信任和合作是如何在人与人之间产生的，以及这些纽带如何能够改善经济和社会成果。

Think about how trust and cooperation emerge among people and how these bonds can enhance economic and social outcomes.

所以让我们来谈谈社会资本，即关系如何使社区更强大。

So let's talk about social capital, how relationships make communities stronger.

Take the city of Boston's community policing.

警察不仅仅是巡逻，他们还与居民互动，赢得信任与合作，从而减少犯罪。

Officers don't just patrol, they engage with residents, earning trust and cooperation, reducing crime.

就像近期的飓风灾害中，互助团体迅速行动起来，组织避难所、食物和医疗援助，往往在官方救援到达之前就已接触到有需要的人。

Like recent hurricanes, mutual aid groups mobilized fast, organizing shelters, food and medical aid, often reaching those in need before official relief arrived.

它是行动、韧性和现实世界中的影响。

It's action, resilience and real-world impact.

而且社会资本不仅仅关乎本地社区。

And social capital isn't just about local communities.

It can extend to professional networks as well.

在商业世界中，社会资本对职业发展和组织成功至关重要。

In the business world, social capital is vital for career advancement and organizational success.

社交活动和合作项目帮助个人建立关系，这些关系可以带来新的机会和创新。

Networking events and collaborative projects help individuals build relationships that can lead to new opportunities and innovations.

然而，社会资本也可能有负面影响。

However, social capital can also have downsides.

群体内部过度的凝聚力可能导致对外来者的排斥，即一种“我们与他们”的对立心态。

Excessive bonding within a group can lead to exclusion of outsiders, a kind of us-and-them mentality.

重要的是要在强大的内部网络与对外部联系的开放性之间取得平衡，以避免这些陷阱。

It's important to balance strong internal networks with openness to external connections to avoid these pitfalls.

Why does the professor discuss financial assets at the beginning of the talk?

According to the talk, what can community policing lead to?

Why does the speaker mention professional networks?

What is implied about the downside of social capital?

Listen to a talk in a sociology class.Today, we'll explore the concept of social capital. In business, capital refers to a financial resource or asset, something valuable that can be used. In sociology, social capital refers to the human networks, relationships and norms that facilitate collective action within a community. So they also act like a kind of asset. Think about how trust and cooperation emerge among people and how these bonds can enhance economic and social outcomes. So let's talk about social capital, how relationships make communities stronger. Take the city of Boston's community policing. Officers don't just patrol, they engage with residents, earning trust and cooperation, reducing crime. Now think about disaster response. Like recent hurricanes, mutual aid groups mobilized fast, organizing shelters, food and medical aid, often reaching those in need before official relief arrived.Social capital isn't abstract. It's action, resilience and real world impact. And social capital isn't just about local communities. It can extend to professional networks as well. In the business world, social capital is vital for career advancement and organizational success. Networking events and collaborative projects help individuals build relationships that can lead to new opportunities and innovations. However, social capital can also have downsides. Excessive bonding within a group can lead to exclusion of outsiders, a kind of us and them mentality. It's important to balance strong internal networks with openness to external connections to avoid these pitfalls.

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