『新东方在线托福听力』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/【学术讲座】#75听力练习，【学术讲座】#75原文答案解析，【学术讲座】#75听力原文练习音频翻译。

托福TPO/【学术讲座】#75听力原答案解析-音频翻译【新东方在线】

社会资本是指在特定社会中生活和工作的人们之间的关系网络。

Social capital is the network of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society.

这些网络使社会能够有效运转。

These networks enable society to function effectively.

社会资本包括信任、相互理解、共同价值观，以及将人们凝聚在一起并促进合作的行为。

Social capital includes things like trust, mutual understanding and shared values, and also behaviors that bind people together and facilitate cooperation.

社会资本可以分为两种主要类型：结合型社会资本和桥接型社会资本。

Social capital can be divided into two main types: bonding social capital and bridging social capital.

结合型社会资本指的是紧密群体内部牢固的纽带，比如家人或亲密朋友之间。

Bonding social capital refers to the tight bonds within a close-knit group, like family members or close friends.

这些强关系在为人们提供困难时期的支持和帮助方面至关重要。

These strong ties are essential for providing support and assistance during times of need.

另一方面，桥接型社会资本涉及超越不同社会群体的联系

Bridging social capital, on the other hand, involves connections that transcend different social groups

比如熟人之间或来自不同背景的同事之间的关系。

like relationships between acquaintances or colleagues from different backgrounds.

这些弱关系对于获取新信息和机会至关重要。

These weaker ties are crucial for accessing new information and opportunities.

The benefits of social capital are numerous.

它可以给人们提供情感支持，增加他们获取资源和信息的渠道，并促进社区合作。

It can give people emotional support, increase their access to resources and information and foster communal cooperation.

有趣的是，社会资本水平更高的人和社区，实际上往往拥有更好的健康状况。

And interestingly, people and communities with higher levels of social capital actually tend to have better health.

接下来，我们将讨论如何衡量社会资本，以及与其量化相关的挑战。

Next, we will discuss how social capital can be measured and the challenges associated with its quantification.

According to the speaker, what is bonding social capital?

Why does the speaker mention "times of need"?

What effect of social capital does the speaker consider interesting?

Listen to a talk in a sociology class.Social capital is the network of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society. These networks enable society to function effectively. Social capital includes things like trust, mutual understanding and shared values, and also behaviors that bind people together and facilitate cooperation.Social capital can be divided into two main types, bonding social capital and bridging social capital. Bonding social capital refers to the tight bonds within a close knit group, like family members or close friends. These strong ties are essential for providing support and assistance during times of need. Bridging social capital, on the other hand, involves connections that transcend different social groups, like relationships between acquaintances or colleagues from different backgrounds. These weaker ties are crucial for accessing new information and opportunities.The benefits of social capital are numerous. It can give people emotional support, increase their access to resources and information and foster communal cooperation. And interestingly, people and communities with higher levels of social capital actually tend to have better health. Next, we will discuss how social capital can be measured and the challenges associated with its quantification.

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