『新东方在线托福听力』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/【学术讲座】#27听力练习：Which of the following lets certain areas of the brain take over roles previously managed by other regions?原文题目答案解析，TPO/【学术讲座】#27听力原文范文音频翻译。

托福TPO/【学术讲座】#27听力原文Which of the following lets certain areas of the brain take over roles previously managed by other regions?【新东方在线】

男：今天我们将探讨神经可塑性，它指的是大脑在一生中通过形成新的神经连接来重组自身的能力。

Man: Today we’re exploring neuroplasticity, which means the brain’s ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life.

神经可塑性使大脑能够根据学习、经验和其他刺激进行适应。

Neuroplasticity allows the brain to adapt in response to learning, experience, and other stimulation.

这种非凡的变化能力对于认知发展和技能习得至关重要。

This remarkable capacity for change is crucial for cognitive development and skill acquisition.

神经可塑性主要有两种类型：结构性和功能性。

There are two main types of neuroplasticity: structural and functional.

结构性神经可塑性涉及大脑物理结构的变化，例如新神经元的生长或突触的增强。

Structural neuroplasticity involves changes in the physical structure of the brain, such as the growth of new neurons or the strengthening of synapses.

另一方面，功能性神经可塑性指的是大脑活动模式的变化，允许不同区域接管之前由表现不佳区域管理的功能。

Functional neuroplasticity, on the other hand, refers to changes in the brain’s activity patterns, allowing different areas to take over functions previously managed by underperforming regions.

例如，如果负责语言处理的区域变得不那么活跃，附近的甚至远处的区域可能会增加其活动以支持语言功能。

For example, if a region responsible for language processing becomes less active, nearby or even distant areas may increase their activity to support language functions.

如今，研究表明，从事刺激大脑的活动，如学习新技能、体育锻炼和认知训练，可以增强结构性和功能性神经可塑性。

Now, research has shown that engaging in activities that stimulate the brain, such as learning new skills, physical exercise, and cognitive training, can enhance both structural and functional neuroplasticity.

以跑步或游泳等有氧运动为例——它们通过提高一种叫做BDNF的特殊蛋白质来帮助大脑，这种蛋白质就像脑细胞的肥料，帮助它们生长并保持健康。

Consider aerobic exercises like running or swimming—they help the brain by boosting a special protein called BDNF, which works like fertilizer for brain cells, helping them grow and stay healthy.

理解神经可塑性对于制定促进大脑恢复力的策略具有重要意义。

Understanding neuroplasticity has important implications for creating strategies that promote brain resilience.

通过利用神经可塑性，研究人员和实践者旨在支持所有年龄段人群的认知活力。

By leveraging neuroplasticity, researchers and practitioners aim to support cognitive vitality in people of all ages.

According to the talk, what does neuroplasticity allow the brain to do?

Which of the following lets certain areas of the brain take over roles previously managed by other regions?

What point does the professor make about physical exercise?

Man: Today we’re exploring neuroplasticity, which means the brain’s ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life. Neuroplasticity allows the brain to adapt in response to learning, experience, and other stimulation. This remarkable capacity for change is crucial for cognitive development and skill acquisition. There are two main types of neuroplasticity: structural and functional.<br />Structural neuroplasticity involves changes in the physical structure of the brain, such as the growth of new neurons or the strengthening of synapses. Functional neuroplasticity, on the other hand, refers to changes in the brain’s activity patterns, allowing different areas to take over functions previously managed by underperforming regions. For example, if a region responsible for language processing becomes less active, nearby or even distant areas may increase their activity to support language functions. Now, research has shown that engaging in activities that stimulate the brain, such as learning new skills, physical exercise, and cognitive training, can enhance both structural and functional neuroplasticity. Consider aerobic exercises like running or swimming—they help the brain by boosting a special protein called BDNF, which works like fertilizer for brain cells, helping them grow and stay healthy.<br />Understanding neuroplasticity has important implications for creating strategies that promote brain resilience. By leveraging neuroplasticity, researchers and practitioners aim to support cognitive vitality in people of all ages.

Listen to a talk in a neuroscience class.

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