『新东方在线托福听力』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/【学术讲座】#33听力练习：What is the main topic of the talk?原文题目答案解析，TPO/【学术讲座】#33听力原文范文音频翻译。

托福TPO/【学术讲座】#33听力原文What is the main topic of the talk?【新东方在线】

男：请听一段关于政治学的播客。

Man: Listen to a podcast about political science.

软实力指的是一国通过吸引力、文化和合作来影响他国的能力。这个术语由政治学家约瑟夫·奈于1990年提出。

Soft power refers to a country's ability to influence others through attraction, culture, and collaboration. The term was introduced by political scientist Joseph Nye in 1990.

他注意到，有些国家获得支持并非靠武力或金钱，而是因为受人钦佩和尊重。

He noticed that some countries gained support not by using force or money, but by being admired and respected.

奈的贡献不只是一个名称，他还提供了一个清晰的框架来理解这种影响力。

What Nye contributed wasn't just the name — he offered a clear framework for understanding this kind of influence.

他指出权力的作用方式有三种：强迫、收买、吸引。这第三种——吸引力——就是他所说的软实力。

He explained that power works in three ways: by forcing others, by paying them, or by attracting them. That third kind — attraction — is what he called soft power.

通过这样分类，他让人们更容易理解和讨论源自信任、文化和价值观的影响力。

By classifying power this way, he made it easier for people to understand and talk about influence that comes from trust, culture, and values.

一个现代例子是韩国的文化浪潮，激发了全球对韩国流行音乐、语言和美食的兴趣。这种吸引力直接契合了奈关于“吸引”的观点。

A modern example is South Korea's cultural wave, which has sparked global interest in Korean pop music, language and food. This kind of appeal fits directly into Nye's idea of attraction.

它展示了文化影响力如何在不靠压力或利益诱导的情况下，建立仰慕并塑造国际关系。

It shows how cultural influence can build admiration and shape international relationships without pressure or incentives.

软实力需要时间，因为它建立在信任、声誉和情感联系之上。它通过文化活动、学习机会等共享经历来传播——这些都是逐渐积累的。

Now, soft power takes time because it's built on trust, reputation, and emotional connection. It spreads through cultural events, learning opportunities, and other shared experiences — things that grow gradually.

但一旦建立，它往往能够持久，常常影响未来几代人对一个国家的看法。就像种树，需要耐心和呵护，但根深叶茂，影响长久。

But once established, it tends to last, often shaping how future generations view a country. Like planting a tree, it needs patience and care, but its roots run deep and its impact endures.

What does the speaker say about Joseph Nye's contribution?

What does the speaker imply about South Korea's cultural wave?

Listen to a podcast about political science.<br />Man: Soft power refers to a country's ability to influence others through attraction, culture, and collaboration. The term was introduced by political scientist Joseph Nye in 1990. He noticed that some countries gained support not by using force or money, but by being admired and respected. What Nye contributed wasn't just the name, he offered a clear framework for understanding this kind of influence. He explained that power works in three ways, by forcing others, by paying them, or by attracting them. That third kind attraction is what he called soft power. By classifying power this way, he made it easier for people to understand and talk about influence that comes from trust, culture, and values. A modern example is South Korea's cultural wave, which has sparked global interest in Korean pop music, language and food. This kind of appeal fits directly into Nye's idea of attraction. It shows how cultural influence can build admiration and shape international relationships without pressure or incentives.Now, soft power takes time because it's built on trust, reputation, and emotional connection. It spreads through cultural events, learning opportunities, and other shared experiences, things that grow gradually. But once established, it tends to last, often shaping how future generations view a country. Like planting a tree, it needs patience and care, but its roots run deep and its impact endures.

Listen to a podcast about political science.

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