『新东方在线托福听力』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/【学术讲座】#36听力练习：\Why does the speaker mention Moby Dick?原文题目答案解析，TPO/【学术讲座】#36听力原文范文音频翻译。

托福TPO/【学术讲座】#36听力原文\Why does the speaker mention Moby Dick?【新东方在线】

女：文学中一个常见的主题是孤独，今天我们就来探讨这个主题。

Woman: A common theme in literature is isolation, and that's what we'll explore today.

孤独可以成为一个强有力的主题，反映人与社会隔绝所带来的心理影响。

Isolation can be a powerful motif reflecting the psychological effects of being separated from society.

文学中最经典的孤独主题例子之一是玛丽·雪莱的《弗兰肯斯坦》。

One of the most classic examples of isolation in literature is Mary Shelley's Frankenstein.

在这部小说中，维克多·弗兰肯斯坦那怪异的造物——那个怪物——因为其可怕的外貌和给人们带来的恐惧而经历了深刻的孤独。

In this novel, Victor Frankenstein's grotesque creation — the creature — experiences profound isolation due to his monstrous appearance and the fear he instills in people.

这种孤独导致了愤怒和复仇的欲望，从而突显出被排斥的有害影响。

This isolation leads to anger and a desire for revenge, thus highlighting the detrimental effects of being ostracized.

另一个著名例子是J.D.塞林格的《麦田里的守望者》。

Another notable example is The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger.

主人公霍尔顿·考菲尔德感到与周围的世界脱节，他与疏离感和孤独作斗争。

The protagonist Holden Caulfield feels disconnected from the world around him, and he struggles with alienation and loneliness.

这种社交上的孤独感正是驱动霍尔顿在全书中种种行为和内心冲突的原因。

This social isolation is what drives Holden's actions and internal conflicts throughout the book.

文学中另一个以悲剧告终的孤独主题例子是赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的《白鲸》。

Yet another example of isolation in literature, and one that ends badly, is Herman Melville's Moby-Dick.

在这部小说中，阿哈布船长对白鲸执迷而充满复仇心的追寻导致了他的孤独。

In this novel, Captain Ahab's obsessive, vengeful quest for the white whale leads to his isolation.

这种执念使他与船员以及自己的人性渐行渐远，并最终将他与船推向毁灭性的结局。

This obsession distances him from his crew as well as his humanity, and it propels him and his ship toward a destructive end.

不过，文学中对孤独的描绘并不总是负面的。

However, the portrayal of isolation in literature is not always negative.

在夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》中，同名主人公在她人生的不同阶段经历了孤独。

In Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre, the titular character experiences isolation at various points in her life.

例如，被送去与刻薄的亲戚同住时，以及后来在寄宿学校感到孤单时。

For example, when she is sent to live with her unkind relatives, and later when she experiences loneliness at a boarding school.

但简在面对孤独时展现出韧性，变得坚强而独立。

But Jane is resilient in the face of isolation, becoming strong and independent.

What aspect of isolation in literature does the speaker mainly discuss?

What does the speaker say about the creature in Frankenstein?

What does the speaker suggest about the character Jane Eyre?

Listen to a talk in a literature class. Woman: A common theme in literature is isolation, and that's what we'll explore today. Isolation can be a powerful motif reflecting the psychological effects of being separatedfrom society. One of the most classic examples of isolation in literature is Mary Shelley's Frankenstein.In this novel Victor Frankenstein's grotesque creation, the creature experiences profound isolation due to his monstrous appearance and the fear he instills in people. This isolation leads to anger and a desire for revenge, thus highlighting the detrimental effects of being ostracized. Another notable example is The Catcher in the Ride by JD Salinger. The protagonist Holden Caulfield feels disconnected from the world around him, and he struggles with alienation and loneliness. This social isolation is what drives Holden's actions and internal conflicts throughout the book. Yet another example of isolation in literature, and one that ends badly, is Herman Melville's Moby Dick. In this novel Captain Ahab's obsessive, vengeful quest for the white whale leads to his isolation. This obsession distances him from his crew as dwell as his humanity, and it propels him and his ship toward a destructive end. However, the portrayal of isolation in literature is not always negative. In Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre, the titular character experiences isolation at various points in her life, such as when she is sent to live with her unkind relatives, and later when she experiences loneliness at a boarding school. But Jane is resilient in the face of isolation, becoming strong and independent.

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