『新东方在线托福听力』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/Official 57 Con 1听力练习：Why does the student mention a particular stage in early childhood development?原文题目答案解析，TPO/Official 57 Con 1听力原文范文音频翻译。

托福TPO/Official 57 Con 1听力原文Why does the student mention a particular stage in early childhood development?【新东方在线】

旁白：听学生和教授之间的一段对话。

NARRATOR:Listen to a conversation between a student and a professor.

女教授：嗨，埃里克！最近诸事如何？

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Hi Eric, how are things going?

男学生：哦，我的工作量真的很忙。

MALE STUDENT:Oh, I’m really busy with my workload.

一些教授布置了如此多的阅读，就好像他们认为我们没有其他作业一样。

Some professors assign so much reading that… it’s like they think we have no other homework.

女教授：在大学里学到的最重要的事情之一是如何管理时间，如果论文临近截止日期，你要知道如何优先考虑，何时拒绝社交活动，诸如此类。

FEMALE PROFESSOR:One of the most important things you’ll learn in college is how to manage your time. How to, you know, prioritize. When to say no to a social engagement if you have a paper due, that sort of thing.

女教授：那么，你准备怎么找我们课堂上要用的材料呢？

FEMALE PROFESSOR:So, how are you finding the material we’re covering in class?

男学生：其实我就是想来和您谈谈这个的。

MALE STUDENT:I’ve actually come to talk to you about it.

我有一个6个月大的侄女，因此儿童早期的发展令我很感兴趣。

I have a six-month-old niece, so I find early childhood development really interesting.

您讲的那个瑞士心理学家皮亚杰，他的发展理论真的很酷。

Piaget—that Swiss psychologist you told us about—his development theory is really cool.

女教授：是的。他的理论认为儿童的认知发展发生在四个阶段中，而且可实际观察到。

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Yes—his theory that cognitive development in children occurs in four stages that you can, ah, actually observe.

男学生：是的。我侄女现在处于感觉运动阶段，正在现在这个阶段，她认为视野之外的事物就消失了。

MALE STUDENT:Yeah, um, so my niece, she’s in the, um, sensorimotor stage now, right at the part where she thinks things disappear when they’re out of sight.

女教授：很好。直到她大一个月左右，她可能不会明白即使物体不在视线范围内也会继续存在。

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Very good. She probably won’t understand that objects continue to exist even when they’re out of sight until she’s a month or so older.

男学生：是的，昨天我们正在拍一个小球，它滚到了沙发下。

MALE STUDENT:Yeah. Yesterday, we were knocking a little ball around, and it rolled under the couch.

她立刻失去了兴趣，去寻找别的东西。

She immediately lost interest and reached for something else.

教授：因为对她来说，球就不复存在。

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Because to her, the ball ceased to exist.

学生：是的，我实际上一直在记录我们的行为，因为我想写关于她的学期论文，如果您觉得可以的话。

MALE STUDENT:Yeah. I’ve actually been taking notes on her behavior because I’d like to write my term paper about her, if it’s OK with you.

学生：是的，我想做一个案例研究之类的。

MALE STUDENT:Yeah, I’d like to do a case study or something.

皮亚杰观察他的孩子，结果改变了整个心理学界。

Piaget watched his kids and, like, changed the whole world of psychology.

教授：等一下。皮亚杰可不只是观察自己的孩子。

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Wait a minute. Piaget didn’t just observe his own children.

他做了三十多年的详尽研究来发展和检验他的理论。

He did exhaustive research over thirty years to develop and test his theory.

不管怎样，你的任务不是进行研究，而是研究有关特定心理学主题的文献并写下报告。

And anyway, your assignment isn’t to do a study; it’s to research the literature on a particular psychological topic and write about it.

我给了你一个建议的主题列表，你应该从中选择。

And I gave you a list of suggested topics to choose from.

男学生：嗯，如果我研究一些主题，比如，有没有可能加速认知发展？

MALE STUDENT:Well, what if I researched something like: is it possible to speed up, uh, cognitive development?

比如，我在她看着我的时候伸手去沙发下拿球？她会不会更早知道物体不会消失？

Like, if I reached under the couch to get the ball while she watched me, would she learn earlier that objects don’t disappear?

或者说，六个月大的婴儿还是不能这样想？

Or can’t six-month-old babies think that way yet?

教授：嗯，我很欣赏你的主动性，埃里克。

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Uh, umm… I do applaud your initiative, Eric.

但是，我真的不认为你能从这样的实验中获得任何有效或有意义的信息。

However, I sincerely doubt you could get any kind of valid or meaningful information from such an experiment.

男学生：但我已经花了很多时间观察我的侄女了。

MALE STUDENT:But I already put so much time into watching my niece.

女教授：记住，这只是大一的心理学课。你没有接受过培训来执行原创研究项目。

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Remember, this is only a freshman psychology class. You aren’t trained in carrying out an original research project.

我希望你早点来找我，但其实离截止日期还有一段时间。

I wish you had come to me earlier, but, you know, there’s still some time before the due date.

我建议你重新看一下主题列表。其中至少一项与认知发展有关。

I suggest that you recheck the list of topics.

如果你有任何问题，那就再来找我。

Then come see me again if you have any questions.

Why does the student go to see the professor?

Why does the student mention a particular stage in early childhood development?

Why does the professor discuss Piaget’s research method?

Why does the professor reject the student's proposal to write about his niece? Click on 2 answers.

NARRATORListen to a conversation between a student and a professor. FEMALE PROFESSORHi Eric, how are things going?MALE STUDENTOh, I’m really busy with my workload. Some professors assign so much reading that… it’s like they think we have no other homework.FEMALE PROFESSOROne of the most important things you’ll learn in college is how to manage your time. How to, you know, prioritize. When to say no to a social engagement if you have a paper due, that sort of thing.MALE STUDENTI guess so.FEMALE PROFESSORSo, how are you finding the material we’re covering in class?MALE STUDENTI’ve actually come to talk to you about it. I have a six-month-old niece, so I find early childhood development really interesting. Piaget—that Swiss psychologist you told us about—his development theory is really cool.FEMALE PROFESSORYes—his theory that cognitive development in children occurs in four stages that you can, ah, actually observe.MALE STUDENTYeah, um, so my niece, she’s in the, um, sensorimotor stage now, right at the part where she thinks things disappear when they’re out of sight.FEMALE PROFESSORVery good. She probably won’t understand that objects continue to exist even when they’re out of sight until she’s a month or so older.MALE STUDENTYeah. Yesterday, we were knocking a little ball around, and it rolled under the couch. She immediately lost interest and reached for something else.FEMALE PROFESSORBecause to her, the ball ceased to exist.MALE STUDENTYeah. I’ve actually been taking notes on her behavior because I’d like to write my term paper about her, if it’s OK with you.FEMALE PROFESSORYour term paper?MALE STUDENTYeah, I’d like to do a case study or something. Piaget watched his kids and, like, changed the whole world of psychology.FEMALE PROFESSORWait a minute. Piaget didn’t just observe his own children. He did exhaustive research over thirty years to develop and test his theory. And anyway, your assignment isn’t to do a study; it’s to research the literature on a particular psychological topic and write about it. And I gave you a list of suggested topics to choose from.MALE STUDENTWell, what if I researched something like: is it possible to speed up, uh, cognitive development? Like, if I reached under the couch to get the ball while she watched me, would she learn earlier that objects don’t disappear? Or can’t six-month-old babies think that way yet?FEMALE PROFESSORUh, umm… I do applaud your initiative, Eric. However, I sincerely doubt you could get any kind of valid or meaningful information from such an experiment.MALE STUDENTBut I already put so much time into watching my niece.FEMALE PROFESSORRemember, this is only a freshman psychology class. You aren’t trained in carrying out an original research project. I wish you had come to me earlier, but, you know, there’s still some time before the due date. I suggest that you recheck the list of topics. At least one of them relates to cognitive development. Then come see me again if you have any questions.MALE STUDENTOK.

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